Combination square, level, and protractor.



IVI. A. COSTAS. COMBINATION sQuARLEvEL, AND PNoTNAcToN.

APPLICATlbN FILED JULY 10,19l7- l Patented Apr. 30. 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

" Nif-lgal... N

INVENTOR WITNESSES ATTO RN EY AII/I. A. COSTAS. COMBINATION SQUARE, LEVEL, AND PBoTNAcoN.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 10.19IT- Patented Apr. 30, 1918.

2 SHEEISHSHET 2.

'NW' i INVENTOR im@ Il II ATTORN EY WPI-masses WCHEL CSTAS, OF BIDDEJEORD, MAINE.

To-aZZ lwhom it may concern.' l,

Be it known that I, MICHAEL A. CosTAs, a subject of the Sultan oit' Turkey, residing at Biddeford, in the county of York and State of Maine, have invented a new and useful Combination Square, Level, and Protractor, of which the following is a specication.

The invention relates to a combined square, level, plumb 'and protractor.

he primary object of the invention is the provision of an instrument of this character, which is adjustable for the convenient use thereof by mechanics, such as machinists, carpenters, and other like artificers, the

instrument being capable of use as an inclinometer, a square, a miter, a level, a. plumb, a protractcr, a bevel, a rule, and angle dividers, as Well as for other special uses, the construction being novel in form to insure accuracy in adjustment and also in' the laying oli' of the work.

Furthermore, the invention has for an` other object, to improve instruments of the. indicated character, in various particulars, to the end that efficiency in operation may beprornoted, as Well as simplicity in construction and convenience of adj ustmcnt and control.

The invention will be particularly explained in the specific description followeference is to be had to the accompanying drawings formingpart of this speciiicatiomin which similar characters of rei"- erence indicate corresponding parts in all views.

vFigure lis a plan view of the instrument constructed in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 is a similar view lookingtoward the opposite side, showing by full lines one vposition oi the blade or straightedge rule,-

and by dotted lines other positions thereof. ,Fig '3 isa fragmentary enlarged lon tudinal sectional v1eW, showing in detail 51e slot or guide way for'the straight edge or rule and-the mounting/of the graduated rings. Fig. 4 is la transverse sectional Fig. 5 `is a detail view, showing the instrument adjustedB as a T square.

Fig. 6 is a similar view ofthe instrument shown as a protractor.

Specification of Letters Patent.

trated example,

View, taken Patented dpr.. 3d, 191%..

Application filed July 10, 1917. Serial No. 179,697.

Fig. 7 is a similar view of the instrument shown as a plumb.

Fig. 8 is a similar view of the instrument shown as a level.

Fig. 9 is a similar view of the instrument shown as an inclinometer.

Figs. l0 and 11 are similar views, showing the instrument for use lin other adjusted positions.

In constructing a practical embodiment ofthe invention in accordance with the illusthe stock A is provided,

which is in the form of a substantially rectangular-shaped frame, preferably made from metal having the straight and rounded end edges 104 and 11, respectively, and the straight side edges 12, the edges 10 and 12 being designed to form bearing faces `for the stock, while cut, or otherwise provided, in the rounded edge 11, and one side edge 12, to one side of the center of the stock is a continuous groove or slot 13 for accommodating a straight edge rule or blade 14 which, on opposite faces thereof, has marked or otherwise indicated graduated scales l5, indicative of inch measurements,-and-Varlous fractions thereof, the straight edge rule the case 1 Iay requlre.

Formed? in the frame constituting the stock A are spaced circular openings in which y rings 16 and 17, respectively, the ring 16 being of considerably less thickness than the thickness of the frame, and is disposed at one side of the' while the ring 17 is of a thickness corresponding to the thickness of said1 frame and the straight edge rule or blade 14 is adjustably secured to the ring 17, so as to be carried thereby and held in Various positions. The rotatable'graduated disk 17 has a slot which lits over the straight edge rule or blade 14 and is adapted to register with the slot 13 in the frame of the stock A, while formed in one face of the rule or blade 14: longitudinally thereof is a working against a boss 23 surrounding the line of the slot 13 therein,

screw 20 and'formed on the ring, so that on the working of the bur or nut22, upon the screw, the rule or blade 14 will be secured in the graduated ring 17, which on the rotation thereot1 in the frame of the stock A will bring the rule or blade'14 t0 the position shown by full lines in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, and to other positions shown by dotted lines in said Fig. 2-o the drawings, for the laying ofi' of angles or for other purposes, in the execution of work.

The ring 16. has i'itted therein a spirit' level tube 17a, and this disk is rotatable within' the frame of. the stock A to dispose straight edge rule or blade 14, `so that the instrument can be used 25 j j as a T square. In Fig. 6 of the drawings, there is shown the straight edge rule-or blade 14 adjusted at an obliqueangle to the stock, thereby enabling the instrument to be used @as a protractor for the laying oft' of angles. In Fig. 7 of the drawings, therule or'4 blade 14 is shown shifted to parallel relation with the stock, so that the instrument is capable for use as a plumb. 1n Fig. 8 of the drawings, the rule or blade 14 is in the same position relative to the stock as shown in Fig. 7, yet disposed vhoriontally ,I poslte' tha ftangentially;inter-secting the openings for 1 the rings 16y of are bores i so that the instrument may be used as a level. j

n Fig. 9 of the drawings, the instrument, with the parts thereof adjusted, is designed for use as an inclinometer, while -in Figs. 10 and 11, the instrument is shown in adjusted positions for measuring angles or use as a miter.v

Opening through vthe side. edge 12 opcontaining the slot 13 `and 'and17 at the inner sides there- 24, inwhich are located wedge screws 25, the wedging heads 26 of which fcoaet with the rings 16 and 17, respectively,

'for lockir'ig said within the frame of the stock A, and these heads are provided with lugs 2f?, which engage in the channels or grooves 28 and 29 respectively, formed in said rings 16 and 17. Thechannel or groove 29 extends only partially circumferentially of the ring 17, while .the channel or groove 28 in the ring 16 lextends'vent'irely about the same, and in this mannerthe rings are held within the openingstherefor in the vstock A, while occupylng a cutaway portion 30 in the frame are knurled adjusting nuts 31, which are 'threaded on the screws 25, so that on the rings in adjusted position turning of the nuts 31 by hand, the screws '25 will be moved for the locking or unlocking of the rings 16 and 17 to hold the same in their adjusted position in the stock A of the instrument.

' The opposite faces of the rings 16 and 17 are provided with graduated marks 32, which coact with a pointer or indicator mark 33 on the frame A, at both sides thereof, so that the adjustment of the rings can be determined with accuracy, and in this manner the instrument can be used for the laying off of angles, as will be clearly apparent.

From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction and manner of operation of the invention will be clearly understood', and, therefore, a more extended explanation has been omitted.

lVhat is claimed is j l. An instrument of the character de scribed, comprising a stockhaving three straightedges and provided with a slot extending throughout one side and end, a rotatable ring in the stock and formed with a slot adapted to register with the slot in said stock, a straight edge blade slidably engaging in the slots, means for lockingthe blade in the slotted ring, an adjusting screw mounted in the stock and having a wedging head to engage the ring` for locking it against rotation, and au adjusting nut in the stock near one edge engaged on the screw and exposed on opposite sides of said stoclr.

2. An instrun'ient of the character described, comprising a stock having a slot extending throughout one side and 'end edge, rotatable rings in the stock, one being formed'with a slot adapted to. register with the slot in said stock, and the other ringdisposed in said stock at one side of its slot,

y a straight edge blade slidably engaging in the slots to be carried by one of the rings, means for locking the blade in the slotted ring, a wedging member located and working between the rings andthe adjacent wall of the stock to lock said rings, and adjusting nuts in said stock engaged with the members for moving the same and accessible froni leither side of said stock.

3. An instrument of the character described, comprising a stock, a rotatable ring in the stock, a straight edge blade slidably engaging the ring, means for lockingr the blade in the ring, an adjustable wcdging member working between the ring and the adjacent wall oi the stock to lock said ring, and a rotatable spirit leve] carrying ring in said stock.

4. An instrument of the character described, comprising ya stock, a rotatable ring in the stock,`an adjustable wedging member working betweenthe ring and the adjacent wall of the steelt to lock saidring,

tecnici' means on the member and engaging thering to prevent separation thereof from th'estock and a spirit level in the ring.

5. An instrument of the character described comprieing a stock,ghaving a slot extending throughout one side and end edge, rotatable rings inthe stock, one ring being formed .with a slot adapted to register with extending throughout one side and e'ndl edge, rotatable rings inthe stock, one ring being formed with a slot adapted to register with the slot in said stock, a straight edge blade slidab'ly engaging inthe slots, a' spirit level tube in the other ring,l means for locking the-blade inthe slotted ring, adjustable wedging members mounted in the stock be# tween the rings and Workingbetween said vrings and the adjacent wall-of the stock to lock the rings to the'support, and means on the'menibers` to engage and hold theA rings againstseparation from the stock, each of said rings bein formed With graduated marks on opposite faces, while the stock is provided with 4an indicator coacting with said Graduated marksf y7. n instrument of the character described comprising a stock, rotatable rings Vof the .character dein the stock, a straight edge blade slidably engaging in one ring, a spirit levelv tube in the other ring, means for locki'n the blade and' ring together,- adjustable we ging members mounted in the stock between the rin and workingbetween said rings and the a 'jacent wall of the stock to lock the ring each ring being formed with a groove, an lugs projecting `from the wedin members and engaged in the grooves to ol the rings in the stock. -8. An instrument of the character dervscribedcom rising a stock, having a slot extending t roughout one side and end edge, rotatable rings in the stock, one rn being formed with a slot ada ted to re ister with .theslot in-said stoc 'a straig t `edge blade slidably engaging in the slots, a spirit level tube 1n the other` ring, means for locking the vblade in the slntted ring,`

adjustable wedging members mounted 1n the stock between the rings and workin between said-rings and the adjacent wall o the' stock to lock the rings, each ring being formedv with a groove, lugs projecting from kthe we dging members and en aged 1n the grooves to hold the rings in t e stoclr, and knurled adjusting nuts engaging the Wedging members and exposed at opposite sides of the stock.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as" my own, l have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

MllCHAElL A. CSTAS. Witnesses:

EUsTAcE P. KoNonLoNns, CHRIST J. DrmoN.

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